医学相关的英语词汇（非四级）
发布时间：2022/11/27 丨 文章来源：未知 丨 浏览次数：
目录
一、 内科常用字汇
心血管系统
血液及淋巴系统
呼吸系统
消化系统
内分泌系统
神经系统
肌肉骨骼系统
泌尿及男性生殖系统
特殊感觉器官
综合字汇
二、 妇产科常用字汇
三、 小儿科常用字汇
四、 精神科常用字汇
五、 各科常用缩写
六、 解剖式内外科常用字汇
七、癌症相关单字
八、医院内常见单字
九、病历表内常见单字
十、诊断用具
一、 内科常用字汇
心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞
Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图
Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病
Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病
Hemangioma 血管瘤
Vasodilatation 血管扩张
Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化
Hypertension 高血压
Hypertrophy 肥大
Hypotension 低血压
Varicose veins 静脉曲张
血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic System
Adenitis 腺炎
Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病
Leukocyte 白血球
Leukocytopenia白血球减少
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮
Splenomegaly 脾肿大
Anemia贫血
Aseptic 无菌的
Septicemia败血症
Hemostasis 止血
Transfusion输血
呼吸系统 The Respiratory System
Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞
Mucosa 黏膜
Exhale呼吸
Apnea窒息
Tachypnea呼吸急促
Pneumonia肺炎
Bronchitis支气管炎
Lung Empyema 肺积脓
消化系统 The Digestive System
Short of breath 呼吸短促
Dysphasia说话困难
Aphasia 失语症
Aphonia失声
Dysphagia 吞咽困难
Gingivitis 齿龈炎
Pharyngitis 咽炎
Laryngitis 喉炎
Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查
Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄
Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术
Gastric cancer 胃癌
Gastritis 胃炎
Gastroenteritis胃肠炎
Gastrorrhagia胃出血
Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞
Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡
Peritonitis 腹膜炎
Enterorrhagia 肠出血
Enterorrhexis 肠破裂
Appendicitis 阑尾炎
Colon cancer结肠癌
Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查
Rectal cancer 直肠癌
Anal Fistual 肛门廔管
External hemorrhoid 外痔
Internal hemorrhoid 内痔
Excretion 排泄
Hepatitis肝炎
Hepatomegaly 肝肿大
Gall Stone 胆结石
Cholelithiasis 胆石症
Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化
Ascites腹水
内分泌系统 The Endocrine System
Glycemia糖血症
Goiter 甲状腺肿
Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病
Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症
Bromidrosis汗臭症
Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤
神经系统 The Nervous System
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化
Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血
Cerebral Edema 脑水肿
Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹
Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞
Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎
Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血
Encephalitis 脑炎
Electromyography 肌电图
Neuritis神经炎
Epilepsy 癜痫
Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛
Rachitis 痀偻症
Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯
Spondylitis 脊椎炎
Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹
Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪
Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识
Eye opening睁眼反应
Verbal response 语言反应
Motor response 运动反应
Corneal reflex 角膜反射
Plantar reflex 膝反射
Sciatica坐骨神经痛
Chorea 舞蹈症
Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩
Migraine 偏头痛
Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症
Brain Swelling 脑肿胀
brain Concussion 脑震荡
brain Anoxia脑缺氧症
brain Death 脑死
肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal System
Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带
Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
Arthrosclerosis关节硬化
Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎
Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折
Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折
Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏
Matastatic Lesion转移性损害
Osteoporosis骨质疏松症
Amputation 截肢
Bone graft 骨移植
Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻
Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术
Range of Motion 运动范围
Varus 内翻
Chondromalacia软骨软化症
泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System
Cystitis 膀胱炎
Circumcision包皮环割术
Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查
Hydronephrosis肾水肿
Renal Stone 肾结石
Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭
Cryptorchidism 隐睾症
Spermatogenesis精子生成
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大
Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄
Dysuria 排尿困难
Hematuria血尿
Uremia尿毒症
Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染
Vasoligation 输精管结扎
Impotence 阳萎
特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special Senses
Audiometer 听力计
Otitis耳炎
Otorrhea耳漏
Tympanitis中耳炎
Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术
Nasitis鼻炎
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌
Rhinorrhea 鼻溢
Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物
Intraocular pressure 眼内压
Oculus Uterque 双眼
Oculus Sinister 左眼
Oculus Dexter 右眼
Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌
Ophthalmologist 眼科医师
Diplopia 复视
Myopia 近视
Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂
Corneitis 角膜炎
Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等
Retinopexy 视网膜固定术
Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落
Visual field 视野
Vocal nodular 声带结节
Dermatologist 皮肤科医师
Dermatitis皮肤炎
Cataract白内障
Glaucoma青光眼
综合性字汇
Contraceptive避孕的
Contraindication 禁忌症
Biology 生物学
Hyperemesis 剧吐
Polydipsia剧渴
Homosexual 同性的
Heterosexual 异性的
Inject 注射
Lipoma 脂肪瘤
Lipoid 脂肪样的
Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症
Malformaiton 畸形
Malaise 不适
Necrosis坏死
Nocturia 夜尿症
Ployuria 多尿
Narcotics 麻醉药
Hyperplasia 增殖
Dysplasia 发育不良
Dyspepsia 消化不良
Prognosis 预後
Antipyretic 解热剂
Hydrophobia 恐水症
Photophobia 畏光
Antibiotic 抗生素
Syndrome 症候群
Hydrotherapy 水疗法
Perforation 穿孔
Percussion叩诊
Visceralgia脏器痛
二、妇产科常用字汇
Genital 生殖的
Gynecology 妇科
Menstruation 月经
Menopause 更年期
Menorrhagia经血过多
Amenorrhea 无月经
Dysmenorrhea经痛
Menarche初经
Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌
Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂
Cervicitis子宫颈炎
Perineum会阴
Endometriosis子宫内膜异位
Ovary 卵巢
Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿
Ovulation排卵
Vaginitis阴道炎
Colposcopy 阴道镜检法
Galactocele乳腺囊肿
Mammography 乳房X光摄影术
Infertility 不孕症
InVitro Fertilization 体外受精
Amnion 羊膜
Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞
Hydramnion 羊水过多
Anterpartal 产前的
Antepartum 分娩前
Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样
Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称
Artificial Insemination 人工受精
Engagement 进入产位
Estrogen动情基素
Colostrum 初乳
Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕
Corpus Luteum 黄体
Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩
Venereal Disease 性病
Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎
Laparoscope 腹腔镜
Embryo 胚胎
Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕
Primipara 初产妇
Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位
Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中
Multipara 经产妇
Parity 经产
Placenta Previa前置胎盘
Postpartum 产後
Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血
Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症
Adolescence青春期
Basal Body Temperature 基础体温
Cesarean Section 剖腹产
Expected Date of Confinement 预产期
Fallopian Tube 输卵管
Forceps 产钳
Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块
Labor Pain阵痛
Painless Labor 无痛分娩
Molding胎头变形
Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产
Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查
Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水
Progesterone黄体素
Stillbrith死产
Suture 缝合
Stump残物
Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血
三、小儿科常用字汇
Apnea呼吸暂停
Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血
Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形
Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘
Bronchitis支气管炎
Cephalopematoma头血肿
Erythema红斑
Hypospadia尿道下裂
Dehydration 脱水
Hydrocephalus水脑
Hydrocele 阴囊积水
Polydactylia多指畸形
Pyoderma脓皮症
Sepsis 败血症
Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎
Encephalitis脑炎
Gastroenteritis肠胃炎
Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎
Malignant恶性的
Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形
Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息
Cleft Palate 颚裂
Diarrhea腹泻
Dental Caries 龋齿
Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹
Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹
Torticollis斜颈
Vaccine疫苗
Incubator 保温箱
Cleft lip 兔唇
Chicken pox 水痘
Club foot 畸足
Diphtheria白喉
Dengue fever 登革热
Eczema湿疹
Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒
German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹
Giant baby巨婴
Gonorrhea 淋病
Hepatitis B B型肝炎
Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病
Jaundice 黄疸
Mongolian spots 蒙古斑
Mumps 腮腺炎
Respiratory arrest呼吸停止
Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹
Vomiting呕吐
四、精神科常用字汇
Mental retardation 智能不足
autism自闭症
dement 痴呆症
alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症
alcoholism 酒瘾
substances Intoxication 物质中毒
alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒
amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒
schizophrenia精神分裂病
delusional Disorder 妄想性病患
Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患
phobia畏惧症
obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患
pedophilia恋童癖
exhibitionism 暴露狂
Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖
Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患
Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症
Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症
临床症状
blunted affect 感情迟钝
silly Laughter 傻笑
apathy冷漠
irritable 易怒的
euphoria欣快感
depression 忧郁
ambivalence感情矛盾
Flat Affect感情平淡
suicide attempt 自杀企图
queer behavior 怪异行为
bizarre behavior 特异行为
hypertalkative 多话
hypotalkative 少话
mutistic不语
hyperactivity 活动过多
hypoactivity 活动过少
compulsive behavior 强迫行为
verbigeration 重复语言
catelepsy 僵直
negativism阻抗行动
Mannerism作态行为
destrctive behavior 破坏行为
autistic thinking 自闭性思考
poverty of speech 言语贫乏
flight of ideas 意念飞跃
loosening of association 思考连结松散
illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考
pressure speech 言语急迫
thought blocking 思考中断
incoherent 语无伦次
thought Withdrawal 思想退缩
irrelevant 答非所问
delusion 妄想
delusion of persecution 被害妄想
delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想
Phobia 恐惧症
acrophobia 惧高症
algophobia 惧痛症
sexual drive 性欲
illusion 错觉
hallucination 幻觉
auditory hallucination 听幻觉
disoreinatation 失去定向力
amnesia记忆丧失症
confabulation 虚谈症
orientation 定向力
judgement 判断力
derealization 失真感
insight病识感
no insight 无病识感
intellectual insight 理性的病识感
true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感
心理学名词
free association 自由联想
dream analysis 梦的解析
ego 自我
id 原我
super ego 超我
ego boundary 自我界限
libido 原欲
scapegoat 代罪羔羊
internal conflict 内在冲突
conscious 意识
unconscious 潜意识
preconscious前意识
transference 情感转移
depersonalization 人格解体
derealization 脱离现实
neurosis神经精神病
Psychosis神经病
Pleasure Principle 享乐原则
Reality Principle 现实原则
Moral Principle 道德原则
Predisposing Factors 潜在因素
Precipitating Factors 诱发因素
Defense Mechanism 防卫机转
compensation 补偿作用
conversion 转化作用
denial 否认作用
displacement 转移作用
dissociation 解离作用
fantasy 幻想作用
identification 认同作用
introjection 内射作用
projection 外射作用
retionalization 合理化作用
reaction formation 反向作用
degression 退化作用
repression 潜抑作用
suppression 压抑作用
restitution 归还作用
sublimation 升华作用
substitution 取代作用
symbolism 象徵作用
undoing 抵销作用
distortion 曲解作用
isolation 隔离作用
Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗
Empathy 同理心
Resistance阻抗
testing out behavior 试探行为
self-awareness自我了解
separation anxiety 分离焦虑
reinforcement 增强原则
catharsis 情绪宣泄
confrontation 面质
listen 倾听
restraint 约束
physical restraint 身体的约束
chemical 药物的约束
五、各科常用缩写
A
AAD against-advice discharge 自动出院
A abdomen 腹部
ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动
A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例
AK above knee 膝上
B.
BE below elbow 肘下
BH body height 身高
b.i.d twice a day 一日两次
Bil bilateral两侧的
BK below knee 膝下
BM bowel movement 肠蠕动
BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率
BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大
BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染
BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便
BW body weight 体重
C.
Ca. Carcinoma 癌
CBC complete blood count 全血球计数
CBD common bile duct 总胆管
CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血
Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部
CO cardiac output 心输出量
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术
CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎
C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法
CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞
CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查
CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外
CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压
D.
DC discontinue 停止
D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术
DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病
DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风
DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤
E.
ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图
EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图
ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉
F.
FH family history 家族史
FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音
FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧
Fr fracture 骨折
G.
GB gall bladder 胆囊
GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道
GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规
gtt. Drops 滴
GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的
GYN gynecology 妇科学
H
Hb hemoglobin 血色素
HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血
h.s. at bedtime 睡前
HT Hypertension 高血压
Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积
Hx History 病例
I
ICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿
ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房
ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤
I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流
IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压
Imp. Impression 臆断
IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的
I & O Intake and output 输入及排出
IV Intravenous 静脉内的
IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅
J
Jej. Jejunum 空肠
Jt. Joint 关节
K
Kn. Knee 膝
KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱
L.
LFT liver function test肝功能试验
LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限
LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经
M
MBD may be discharged 可出院
MN midnight 午夜
N
NKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏
NP nothing particular 并无特别的
NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌
NPO nothing by mouth 禁食
O.
OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎
OB occult blood 潜血
OBS obstetrics 产科
OP operation 手术
OPD outpatient department 门诊
Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的
OS ocular sinistro 左眼
OT occupational therapy 职能治疗
OU Both eyes 双眼
P
p.c. after meals 饭後
PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验
PE Physical examination 身体检查
PI Present illness 目前病况
p.o. by mouth 由口
PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡
PT Physical therapy 物理治疗
PTA Prior to admission 入院前
PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养
Q
Q every 每一
q.d. every day 每日
q.h every hour 每小时
q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次
q.m. every morning 每日早晨
q.n. every night 每日晚间
R
RA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
RBC red blood cell 红血球
RN registered nurse 护理师
R/O rule out 可能是
RR recovery room 恢复室
R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗
RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限
Rx take取拿
Medication 处方
Treatment 治疗
S
Sc. Subcutaneous 皮下的
SOB short of breath 呼吸短促
SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重
S/P status/ post operation 手术後
s-s half 一半
St(stat) immediately 立刻
Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌
T
t.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次
TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸
TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺
U
URI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染
W
WBC White blood cell 白血球
White blood count 白血球计数
Y
Y/O year old 年龄
Z zero 零
六、解剖式内外科常用字汇
The cardiovascular system 心血管系统
lungs 肺脏
venis
vessels血管
capillaries微血管
cardi 心脏
arteries
blood clot凝血
The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统
Blood 血液
Red blood cell 红血球
White blood cell白血球
Platelet血小板
The Respiratory System 呼吸系统
Bronchial tube主支气管
Alveoii气泡
Pharynx咽
Larynx喉
Trachea气管
Lung肺
Bronchioles小支气管
Pleura胸膜
Chest 胸
Air 气
The Digestive System 消化系统
Lips唇
teeth 牙齿
tongue舌
bile duct 胆管
gallbladder 胆囊
duodenum十二指肠
jejunum空肠
ileum 回肠
appendix 阑尾
small intestine小肠
large intestine大肠
rectum 直肠
anus 肛门
pancreas胰
stomach 胃
esophagus食道
pharynx咽
The Endocrine System
Glands 腺体
Adrenals肾上腺
Pancreas胰
Pituitary 脑下腺
Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺
Breasts 乳房
Ovaries 卵巢
Testes睾丸
The Nervous System
Brain 脑
Spinal cord 脊髓
Vertebra脊椎
Cranium颅腔
Meninges脑膜
Nerves神经
The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统
Skull 头骨
Clavicle锁骨
Sternum 胸骨
Ribs 助骨
Joints 关节
Ligaments 韧带
Tendons 肌腱
Cartilage 软骨
The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统
Cortex皮质
Urinary膀胱
Urethra尿道
Ureters输尿管
Kidney 肾脏
Renal pelvis 肾孟
Vas deferens精管
Urinary bladder 膀胱
prostate gland前列腺
scrotum 阴囊
testis 睾丸
penis阴茎
urethra尿道
The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官
Acoustic nerve听神经
Ear 耳朵
Hearing 听觉的
tube 耳咽管
Eardrum 耳骨膜
Eustachian 欧式管
Nasal cavities鼻腔
Nose 鼻
Eyelid眼睑
Lens晶球体
Carnea角膜
Tear duct泪管
Conjunctiva结膜
Choroid layer 脉络膜
Retina视网膜
Sclera巩膜
Optic nerve视神经
Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇
Fallopian tube输卵管
Ovary 卵巢
Uterus子宫
Vagina阴道
Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)
脑部系统
cerebrum 大脑
corpus callosum 胼胝体
thalamus 视丘
cerebellum 小脑
diencephalon 间脑
cerebral peduncles大脑脚
infundibulum漏斗
hypophysis 脑下垂体
midbrain 中脑
pons 桥脑
medulla 延脑
brain stem 脑干
眼球构造
pupil 瞳孔
suspensory ligaments 悬韧带
ciliary process捷状突
retinal veins网膜静脉
retinal arteries网膜动脉
optic nerve视神经
anterior chamber前眼房
posterior chamber 後眼房
iris虹膜
vitreous body 玻璃状体
internal rectus muscle 内直肌
lacrimal puncta泪孔
lacrimal canaliculi泪小管
lacrimal gland 泪腺
excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管
eyebrow眉毛
耳朵构造
cochlea 耳蜗
eustachian tube 耳咽管
helix 耳壳
tympanic membrance 鼓膜
external auditory canal 外耳道
semicircular canals半规管
malleus锤骨
vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经
口腔
gingiva 齿龈
molars 大臼齿
premolars 小臼齿
canines犬齿
incisors 门齿
vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭
upper lip 上唇
upper lip frenulum 上唇系带
alveolar provess齿槽突
hard palate硬颚
palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺
sublingual caruncle 舌下阜
七、癌症相关单字
1. gastric cancer胃癌
2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌
3. colon cancer结肠癌
4. rectal cancer直肠癌
5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌
6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌
7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌
8. lung cancer肺癌
9. esophageal cancer食道癌
10. bladder cancer膀胱癌
11. laryngl caner喉癌
12. ovarian cancer软巢癌
13. liver cancer肝癌
14. skin cancer皮肤癌
15. breast cancer乳癌
16. leukemia血癌
17. bone cancer骨癌
18. brain tumor脑癌
19. heart disease 心脏病
20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤
八、医院内常见单字
Hospital 医院
Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校
(nursing home) Private convalescence
hospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院
(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方
Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科
Resident in medicine 内科住院医师
Chief of Medicine 内科主任 (Medical man)
Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师)
House officer 医院医师的称呼
Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)
Extern 医院实习生
Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生
Student nurse 护理学生
Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士
Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证
Supervisor督导护士
Head nurse护士长
Scrub nurse 手术助理护士
Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生
Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)
Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人
Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,
may walk)
Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病)
Paretic 麻痹患者
Malpractice 诊疗错误
Emergency room 急诊室
Ward 病房
station护理站
por恢复室
Patient患者,病人
Narcotic 麻醉药
Nurse护士
Doctor 医生
Internist内科医生
Surgeon外科医生
Dentist 牙科医生
Gynecologist 妇科医生
Orthopedist 骨科医生
Oculist 眼科医生
Pediatrician 小儿科医生
Psychiatrist 精神病医生
Intern实习医生
Examination table 诊疗台
Clinical thermometer 体温计
Stethoscope 听诊器
Reflector 反光镜
X-ray checkup X 光检查
X-ray photograph X光像片
Operation 手术
Scalpel 手术刀
Syringe 针筒
Hypodermic needle 注射针
Injection 注射
Ice bag 冰袋
Fixation forceps 固定镊
Medicine, drug药品
Bandage 绷带
Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉
Gauze 纱布
Mask 口罩
Wheel chair 轮椅
Crutches 柺杖
Ambulance 救护车
Stretcher 担架
Chart 病历表
Prescription处方
Blood pressure 血压
Blood type 血型
Artificial respiration 人工呼吸
Pill 药丸
Capsule胶囊
Ointment 软膏
Iodine tincture 碘酒
Sedative 镇静剂
Intensive care unit 加护病房
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术
Intravenous drip 点滴
Chemotherapy化学治疗
Computerized Topography电脑断层
magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振
Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局
Fracture骨折
Gypsum 石膏
九、病历表内常见单字
Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表
History sheet 病历表
Physical examination sheet 身体检查表
Physician's order sheet 医嘱单
Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录
Laboratory reports 检验报告
Radiographic reports X光检查报告
Nursing notes 护理记录
Graphic chart 图式病历
Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要
Operation report 手术报告
Anesthesia record 麻醉记录
Consultation sheet 会诊单
Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录
Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书
Emergency room record 急诊室记录
住院病历表
身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data)
admission date 住院日期
hospital number = chart number 病历号码
room number 病房号码
name
sex
age
birth date
birth place
marital status = civil status 婚姻状况
address
occupation
empolyer 雇主公司行号
health insurance number 医疗保险号码
referring physician 转介医生
各系统的表现状况--全身状态
违和感
malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)
feel unwell (ill, poorly)
疲劳感.倦怠感
lassitude
fatigue
tiredness
weariness
languor
lack of energy (vigor)
listlessness
exhaustion
worn-out
虚脱 无力状态
weakness
feebleness
lack (loss) of strength
debility
powerlessness
prostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion)
asthenia
睡眠状态
sleep
slumber (=light sleep)
a nap (=a short sleep)
a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)
入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep
小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse
欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic
睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence
摧睡 become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)
睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep
失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep
失眠症的人 insomniac
熟睡 sound (profound) sleep
睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken
作梦 dream
恶梦 nightmare
梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism
梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker
体重方面(weight ; body weight)
体重为 weigh~ ; be ~ in weight
最高 maximum
最低 minimum
平均 average
最适 optimum
现在 present
体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight
体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight
瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny
瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation)
肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty
体温状况(body temperature
量体温 take one's temperature
发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature
发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial
无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial
发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit
寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills
退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit
发汗 sweating ; perspiration
弛张热 remittent fever
间歇热 intermittent fever
连续热 continuous fever
危险期 by crisis
转轻期 by lysis
疼痛方面
偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;
後头部痛 occipital pain
侧头部痛 temporal pain
前头部痛 frontal pain
头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head
耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia
咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia
眼痛 have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart)
齿痛 toothache
胸痛 chest pain
心前部痛 precordial pain
心绞痛 anginal pain
胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain
胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain
腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache
上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium
上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain
下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain
左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain
侧腹部痛 flank pain
背痛 backache
腰痛 low backache ; lumbago
关节痛 joint pain
肌肉痛 muscular pain
神经痛 neuralgia
绞痛 colic ; colicky pain
胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic
肾石痛 renal colic
痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic
博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain
转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation
牵连痛 referred pain
电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain
带状痛 girdle pain
神经根性痛 root pain
空腹痛 hunger pain
夜间痛 nocturnal pain
自发痛 spontaneous pain
压痛 tenderness
固定痛fixed (steady) pain
灼热痛 burning pain
刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing
分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking
撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ;
钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;
剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe
不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping
擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore
针刺痛 pricking ; pricking
呼吸器管和循环器管系统
呼吸 breath ; respiration
呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea
呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath
深呼吸 breathe deeply
叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath
喘息 pant
端坐呼吸 orthopnea
劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)
夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea
呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing
喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing
打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze
打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus
咳嗽 cough
阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal
清喉 clear the throat
乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough
有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum
喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate
喀血 hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration
粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum
浓喀痰 frothy sputum
泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum
脓性喀痰 purulent sputum
血性喀痰 bloody sputum
混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum
绿色喀痰 greenish sputum
锈色喀痰 rusty sputum
感冒 common cold
流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe
上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)
胸膜炎 pleruisy
气喘 asthma
心悸 palpitation
悸动 palpitate ; throb
脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)
速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia
徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia
高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension
心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill
狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris)
心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)
动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis
血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood
间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication
消化器官系统
食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia
食欲增进 increase (improvement) of appetite
无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite
食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite
丧失食欲 lose one's apptite
空腹 an empty stomach
咀嚼 chewing ; mastication
吞咽 swallow gulp
吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia
嗳气 打噎 belching ; eructation
打酸噎 sour eructation
心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash
逆流 regugitation
恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling
感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting
呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew
呕吐物 vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter
咖啡渣 coffee-grounds
消化 digestion
消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia
腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness
腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling
黄疸 jaundice ; icterus
腹水 ascites
通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;
下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ;
便秘 constipation
水状watery stool (feces)
血状 bloody stool
柏油状 tarry stool
泥状 mushy stool
软状 loose stool
硬状 hard stool
呈固状 formed stool
呈半固状 semiformed stool
大便失禁 fecal incontinence
放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus
泌尿与生殖器官系统
排尿 urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate
尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate
尿急 urinary urgency
频尿 urinary frequency
夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia
多尿 polyuria
少尿 oliguria
无尿 anuria
排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria
闭尿 urinary retention
尿失禁 urinary incontinence
夜间多尿 nocutria
夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis
混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine
血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria
性欲 sexual desire ; libido
性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition
杨萎 impotence
勃起 erection
射精 ejaculation
早泄 premature ejaculation
遗精 pollution
梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream
包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)
割礼 circumcision
性病 veneral disease (V.D.)
月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods
初潮 menarche ; onset of menses
停经 menopause
更年期 climacteric ; changeof life
痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation
无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods
月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow
白带 vaginal discharge
阴道出血 vaginal bleeding
少量时 yaginal spoting
子宫出血 metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding
妊娠 pregnancy ; conception
怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant
不妊 sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive
流产 abortion ; miscarriage ;
人工流产induced abortion
避孕contraception; birth control
避孕药 contraceptive
阵痛 labor
生产 分娩 childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered
坐月子 childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period
孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy
骨关节与肌肉系统
脱臼 joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint
扭伤 sprain
挫伤 sprain (twist ; wrench )
关节炎 arthritis
风湿症 theumatism
痛风 gout (gaut)
关节痛 arthralgia ; joint pain
变形 deformity
骨折 fracture
石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris
义腿(肢) artificial limb
肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle
扭筋 strain ; sprain
肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp
抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped
肌肉压痛 tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness
精神与神经系统
意识混浊 clouding of consciousness
丧失意识 loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness
恢复意识 recover consciousness
昏厥 fainting ; syncope
昏睡 soma
昏迷 stupor
嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy
错乱 confusion ; distracted ; distraught
胆妄的 delirious
幻觉 hallucination
痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm
癫痫 epilepsy
半身不遂 be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic
肌无力 muscular weakness
步行困难 difficulty in walking
说话不清 speak thickly
蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along
肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle
左手性 left-handedness
右手性 right-handedness
运动失调 ataxia
无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia
失去感觉 become numb ; loss sensibility
知觉过敏 hypersthesia
知觉迟钝 hypesthesia
知觉异常 paresthesia
神经质 nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy
神经衰弱 nervous breaksown
意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits
情绪佳 in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric
情绪不稳定 unstable ; labile capricious
易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable
不安的 anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy
内向的人 introvert
外向的人 extrovert
健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory
漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned
自卑感 inferiority complex
歇斯底里病 hysteria
眼耳鼻咽喉
视力丧失 lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind
失明 loss of vision ; blindness
视力减退 impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring
近视 near-sightedness ; myopia myopy
远视 far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope
折射异常 refractive error
乱视 astigmatism
斜视 strabismus ; squint
复视 diplopia ; double vision
夜盲 night-blindness ; nyctalopia
盲点 scotoma ; blind spot
眼睛疲劳 eyestrain
流泪过多 overflow of tears
异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness
怕光 photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light
结膜炎 conjunctivitis
砂眼 trachoma
听力减退 impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing
重听 be hard of hearing
耳聋 deaf
耳鸣 ringing of ears ; tinnitus
耳痛 earache ; otalgia
耳垢 cerumen ; erawax ;
中耳炎 otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear
流鼻水 snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;
鼻伤风 sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza
擤鼻涕 blow the nose ;
鼻声 a nasal voice
鼻塞 nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion
鼻出血 nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis
鼻炎 rhinitis
扁桃 tonsil
扁桃炎 tonsillitis
齿痛 toothache
蛀齿 decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity
义齿 an artificial tooth
装假牙 wear false teeth (a denture)
无齿 toothless ; edentulous
掉齿 lose a tooth ; come out
拔齿 pull out ; extract a tooth
齿龈 gums ; gingiva
皮肤
发疹 eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem
湿疹 eczema
荨麻疹 urticaria ; hives
胎记 birth mark(红斑)
青斑 bruise
黑斑 mole
水泡 welt ; wheal ;wale
头皮屑 dandruff ; scurf
痂 scab ; curst ; slough
丘疹 pimple ; acne
香港脚 athlete's foot ; ringworm of the feet
痱子 prickly heat ; heat rash
龟裂 chaps ; cracks
糜烂 sore ; erosion ; festering
疣 warts
冻疮 chilblain ; festering
尿布疹 diaper rash
黄癣 favus ; scaldhead
脓泡 impetigo
雀斑 freckles
晒斑 sunburn
骚养 itching ; pruritus
骚养伤 scratch
生脓 fester ; form pus ; suppurate
渗出 exude ;ooze ; weep
股擦伤 have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)
脱毛 loss of hair ; falling-out of hair
多毛症 hirsutism
无毛 hairless ; bald ;
秃头 baldness ; bald- headedness
秃头症 alopecia
十、诊断用具
stethoscope 听诊器
sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计
thermometer 体温计
ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜
otoscope 耳镜
laryngeal mirror 喉镜
flashlight 手电统
tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板
hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤
tuning fork 音叉
tape measure 卷尺
scale (ruler) 尺
loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜
rubber gloves 橡胶手套
finger cot 指套
vaginal speculum 阴道镜
